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Q&A Two way circuit breaking capability for ideal diode controllers

The two ICs you reference don't do the same thing. The first sentence of the first datasheet says: The MAX16141/MAX16141A ideal diode controllers provide system protection against a variety of sy...

posted 1y ago by Olin Lathrop‭

Answer
#1: Initial revision by user avatar Olin Lathrop‭ · 2023-08-03T15:44:06Z (over 1 year ago)
The two ICs you reference don't do the same thing.  The first sentence of the first datasheet says:

<blockquote>The MAX16141/MAX16141A ideal diode controllers provide system protection against a variety of system faults, 
such as reverse current, reverse voltage, overcurrent, input overvoltage/undervoltage, and overtemperature conditions.</blockquote>

The title of the second datasheet says:

<blockquote>LM5069 Positive High-Voltage Hot Swap and In-Rush Current Controller with Power Limiting</blockquote>

The first IC is meant to protect downstream circuitry from a variety of abuses to the power supply input of the unit.  Note that these include reverse voltage.  That's why two back to back FETs of opposite polarity are needed.

The second IC isn't meant to deal with power input abuse.  It's purpose is to allow hot swapping by inrush current limiting, also known as a "soft start".  If you plug a unit with this chip into an existing bus, it's not going to glitch the power supply for a few nanoseconds as some cap charges up.

Note that the second chip is specifically for positive voltages.  It's not trying to defend against an incorrectly connected supply.  It's trying to play nice with the supply.

The purposes of the two chips are completely different, so it's not surprising that they each require different external parts.