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Is the two-clock start-up technique common these days? Came across a low power technique for microcontrollers. A crystal may take few hundred milliseconds to start up. The MCU is consuming power...
#1: Initial revision
Is the two-clock start-up technique common these days?
Is the two-clock start-up technique common these days? Came across a low power technique for microcontrollers. A crystal may take few hundred milliseconds to start up. The MCU is consuming power, and not executing instructions during that time. Imagine a situation where an MCU is in cyclic sleep, and it needs to do only 20ms worth of work every second¹. It would have to spend more time waiting for the crystal to start up than doing the work.  An internal RC is quicker to start up: down to single-digit microseconds. But an internal RC is less accurate.  The proposed technique is two-clock start-up. The MCU wakes up and starts the internal RC. If the MCU determines that it will be doing something that requires a precise clock², then it starts the crystal and waits the necessary time for it to come up. Otherwise, the MCU continues on the internal RC, and goes back to sleep. I came across this technique in the book *A Baker’s dozen* by Bonnie Baker (2005). There’s also this [EE Times article by Bonnie Baker (2003)](https://www.eetimes.com/battery-apps-benefit-from-mcu-clocking-mode-control-and-low-power-peripherals). There’s a [firmware doc for 8-bit PICs](https://developerhelp.microchip.com/xwiki/bin/view/products/mcu-mpu/8bit-pic/oscillator-options/two-speed-clock-start-up). Bonnie Baker worked for Microchip during the 8-bit PIC era, so all these sources have the common origin. ¹ Something like checking the “on” button (which nobody presses for days), and maybe monitoring state of charge. ² That would happen only once in a while, and not every cyclic sleep epoch. For example, it could be communication.
