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Comments on Deriving resistor values for a taper pad attenuator

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Deriving resistor values for a taper pad attenuator

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A taper pad is a resistive attenuator that maintains impedances on both ports and provides a specific amount of gain-loss ($A_{12}$): -

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I have derived formulas for each resistor (that I know to be correct) and have checked with micro-cap using DC analysis: -

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"So what" you might think. Well the problem is really that it took me ages to derive the formulas and, I am convinced that there must be a simpler approach than the method I took so, what I'm looking for is a shrewd and insightful way of finding (say) the value of R1 given: -

  • The required gain-loss i.e. $\frac{V_2}{V_1}$ or $\frac{V_{OUT}}{V_{IN}}$
  • The input impedance, $R_{IN}$
  • The output load impedance, $R_{L}$

I don't want answers that say if you "do this" you can "find that" then it's easy to drill-down to what you want. I want to see the actual math. I've done it (and my algebra is correct) but, it was very long-winded and I'm sure I missed a trick along the way.

I will also add one more important thing that I've come to realize: none of the existing calculators out there (apart from mine) get the formulas correct. They show correct formulas for equal input and output impedance but, they screw up when the input and output impedances are different.

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1 comment thread

Both input and output must be connected, right? (4 comments)
Both input and output must be connected, right?
Olin Lathrop‭ wrote about 2 years ago

Are Rin and Rl defined with the other end connected? For example, Rin must be right when a load is connected to the output, but can be different when the output is left open. The same question applies to the output impedance whether the input is connected or left open. I think you mean both input and output must be connected and of the correct impedance for the results to be valid, but I want to be sure before doing the math.

Andy aka‭ wrote about 2 years ago

Yes, both are connected and both must see their respective impedances when they look into the taper-pad port (no tricks etc.). I'm probably going to post another unrelated question to give the site a boost. Maybe you should think about posting the odd question (that you can answer) given you are site maestro.

TonyStewart‭ wrote about 1 year ago · edited about 1 year ago

I have successfully solved your problem in the past using a spreadsheet to to determine all the correct values for a potentiometer to give the the desired s21 response from 5% to 100% of the pot value chosen.

I trust you can easily do the same.

Anectdotal

In my case I wanted to design a range of current to control an L317 with an NPN controlled bias to buffer10k thermistor to regulate fan voltage to correct thermal response from 40 to 50 'C on 48V fans from 0 to 100% voltage to smoothly regulate PSU hotspot temperature. (Tfmr) thus at 40'C fans would start slow and and 50'C under abnormal full load the fans could expel all the heat at 50'C max. I needed an effective plenum over the hotspots to maximize turbulence and linear air velocity for very low Rja. I chose the pad R values with a chosen thermistor and pot to set the 10 dec C range to spec. Goal seeking options in the spreadsheet made thus task trivial after the s21 and variables ('C) stated.or trials.

Good ruck.

Andy aka‭ wrote about 1 year ago

Tony, why would I want to do what you did? It's a formulaic solution I require and not numbers.

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