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What is the concept behind the dynamic resistance that often pops up when dealing with non-linear components and the circuits in which they are employed? Is the concept related to other terms like...
Yet another example. If using MOSFETs only for power switching applications, it can seem like these are "robust" and "immune" to ESD events. While the package clearly states "ESD sensitive", devi...
I understand that white noise is not always Gaussian. In general, is the $V_{pp}$ and $V_{RMS}$ noise stated in operational amplifier and ADC datasheets Gaussian? And is its mean zero? Any exemptio...
One of the challenges with this particular controller is that it's wireless. Wireless devices need a) a clear enough RF channel to the receiver and b) a suitable power supply, namely batteries. B...
When recording an ECG signal, the raw signal is taken from the body and sent into an ECG amplifier to amplify the signal to a suitable range and remove common mode and other types of noise. Measur...
The electrodes electrically connect to the skin in order to pick up tiny signals produced by the heart muscles. Electrically you're a bag of saltwater. Your skin (the bag) has a relatively high r...
Let's say a 100V voltage spike arrives at +12V and the TVS diode clamps it to 25V. Q2 may or may not be activated. Will this circuit ensure a V_gs lower than 25V for the mosfet Q1 ? Any catch to it...
is the "X" point floating when there is no 12V applied ? Perhaps over a limited range, depending on whether the 12V line is left open or connected to something other than 12V. Case 1: The volt...
It looks like you've sort of re-discovered a motivation for Fourier analysis. The difference between looking at slope versus frequency content is exactly the difference between time domain and fre...
The submarine built by OceanGate went missing on 18th June 2023. A lot of online criticism was directed towards the control hardware of the submarine - Logitech F710 controller. However, why i...
What you are asking for is totally unrealistic, and your numbers don't add up. With 10 mH and 80 µF, the resonant frequency is 178 Hz. Getting down to 1 Hz even with 10 mH would require over 2.5 ...
When we launched this community, we did not yet have the ability to set different reputation grants for different categories. We've had this for a while but we failed to follow up before now, sorr...
The first circuit uses the FET in follower mode. That means it works as an impedance buffer with a gain a little below 1. Such configuration can be useful to turn a high impedance signal into a l...
I've not seen them sold separately through distributors like Mouser and such, and have not seen any hand tools for these. I found this document and this video - it looks like the machines are semi-...
If the TVS truly clamps the "+12V" line to 25 V, then the VGS of Q1 can't exceed 25 V. However, if you want to limit the gate voltage, limit the gate voltage. A Zener between gate and source guar...
I have an mcu pin and I want to sense a voltage up to 24V to 36V. I want to connect some outputs on the board I'm designing and I don't know whether those outputs will provide a voltage or will be...
These 9V batteries don't fail like it in normal use, not even when they are very old. They do this only when they are non-rechargeable but are being recharged. There may be a fault in the bed circ...
There is no direct way to determine whether the PIC is connected to a CAN bus. Part of the problem is that the PIC never directly connected to the CAN bus anyway. There is a transceiver chip like...
I’m trying to understand the biasing of a 2-terminal electret condenser microphone. The inner workings of a 2-terminal electret microphone are always drawn without a resistor at the JFET source. ...
If so, how would that work without a source resistor? Quite well actually. If you look at the 2SK1109 you'll see that it has this characteristic: - I've highlighted the zero voltage bias po...
Hi All! I've been looking at how to perform active battery balancing, and I'm currently struggling to understand which type of transistor to use to act as the switch for the "balancing capacitor"....
You are right in that the gain at 80 MHz is clearly not 100. Both the initial marketing points and the graph seem to agree on a gain⋅bandwidth of 45 MHz. There does appear to be a slight kink in ...
A quick intuitive way of looking at this circuit is that the voltage source, L1, and L2 can be thought of as a lower voltage source with a single lower inductance in series. This is the same as fi...
Rosenberger 23C25D-40ML5 specifies 500V RMS rating: Looking at the recommended landing pattern you can see that the distance between the signal landing pad and housing of the connector is 0....
I am using an IR transceiver in my design.This IC is working at 3.3V supply.This IC need not be on always so I decided to give a control to it's shut down pin (Pin no 5,Shutdown Input. Active low)....
