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I'm curious about the market trend of certain kind of components (specifically, 0603 ceramic capacitors) and if I should start worrying about these getting phased out. I started to write a question...
Usually, voltage followers are built with bipolar transistors (or with opamps if better precision is needed). In this case, the simple rule says that the transistor emitter "follows" the input vol...
Why has my reputation dropped significantly over-night from around 352 to 316? Why are there a bunch of new people listed with decent reputations who seem to have appeared from nowhere?
Recently, my home suffered a partial power outage, and due to curiosity and a desire to learn more about residential AC power, I'm trying to understand how the event that took place resulted in the...
This application note from Linear Technology discusses oscillations in opamp circuits and some compensation schemes. One method discussed for reducing phase shifts in the loop gain due to the RC ne...
It's not clear what you are really trying to do, but if you're trying to replace the left circuit with the right one, that's a bad idea: The left circuit switches to appear to pass partial volta...
You generally want complementary NPN/PNP pairs when they are used as opposites of each other in the same circuit. One transistor is usually used with opposite polarity as a mirror image of the oth...
I was watching this video by w2aew on the function of ceramic bypass capacitors, and at 6:00 he states that high-frequency currents take the path of least-impedance and make their way to the power ...
First, let's be clear about something. All currents partially take all paths relative to the inverse of the path impedances. It's not an all or nothing function. This "Takes the path of least re...
When should I consider using RTOS in my application? Every microcontroller has a good number of interrupts then what is the need of it?
A few decades ago, I found a digital circuit that squares a 4-bit input in an old textbook (perhaps 1970s or 1980s). (The figure below is not the original. It differs from the original in that it ...
General cause of noise/interference The interference can be distant (such as lightning) or much closer (such as cables connecting "other" equipment) but, whatever the source, interference can be re...
Input offset voltage $V_{OS}$ Your problem might be input offset voltage or $V_{OS}$. This can be several milli-volts and manifests as this modification to your original circuit (in red): - So, fo...
Another hardware solution There is another hardware debouncing technique widely used in the past. It is implemented by an SPDT push button driving (buffered by) an RS latch. (ganssle.com) This con...
The microwave oven uses frequencies near some types of WiFi. The very strong radiation created by the oven is meant to stay inside the oven. However, even if only a small fraction gets out, it co...
I am planning to buy an oscilloscope and my applications can be some smps projects, microcontroller based projects,hobbyist projects but not heavy industrial applications.Can I ask questions like w...
I'm adding this as a corollary to Olin's post, in case an exact formula for attenuation is needed. That basic IIR is derived from the exponential moving average, and its impulse response is: $$h[n]...
A MOSFET has its gate, source and drain on the top side [1]. These structures are sitting on top of the substrate, which is also called body or bulk. The source and drain are n-doped, while the...
The key to writing good self-answered Q&A is to try to write the question just as if you didn't know the answer. That is, it has to fulfil the usual quality criteria for normal questions. This ...
In most cases, the common-collector stage (emitter follower) is used as a buffer stage (unity gain). It is, therefore, an independent stage, whose mode of operation should not be determined by the ...
When soldering Micro-USB or USB-C connectors by hand, flux is applied generously. This sometimes results in flux getting inside the connector housing, making it sticky and creating high physical re...
Direct answer How to clean off flux depends on what type of flux was used. Most electronic parts can handle being washed in clean water. In fact, boards often go thru what amounts to an industri...
There are a number of things that are unclear. You talk about the red and IR phases of the light sensor signal being demultiplexed into separate red and IR signals, but there is no evidence of thi...
